Goniometers
Goniometers are ideal for quick, simple, and accurate measurement of dynamic joint movement in multiple planes. Extremely robust, lightweight and flexible, the sensors can be comfortably worn undetected under clothing, without hindering the actual movement of the joint.
Twin-Axis Goniometers
Twin-Axis Goniometers simultaneously measure angles in up to two planes of movement. To measure wrist movements, the endblocks of the Goniometer are attached on the dorsal surface, one end over the third metacarpal, the other over the midline of the forearm, with the wrist in neutral position.
Goniometers have two separate output connectors, one measures flexion/extension, the other radial/ulnar deviation. When used to measure a single-axis joint such as the knee or elbow, or when measuring a single plane of a twin-axis joint, simply connect one channel.
All Twin-Axis Goniometers function the same way, the difference being physical size and are available as wireless (W Series) or wired (SG Series) options.
Specifications
| Wireless Twin-Axis Goniometers | Wired Twin-Axis Goniometers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Number of Axis | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Digital inputs | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Resolution | + 0.1º in a range of 180º | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bandwidth | From DC to 1 KHz (+0dB/-3dB) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Full Scale | ±180º | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accuracy | ± 2º measured over a range of ± 90º | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repeatability | 1º measured over a range of 90º | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transducer Type | Strain gauge | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Life1 | 600,000 cycles | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating temperature range | +10ºC to +40ºC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Temperature zero drift | 0.15 degrees angle / ºC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Battery Life | Up to 12 hours | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Battery Type | Rechargeable Li-lon Polymer | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wireless Transmission Data Loss | Tolerant for 100 mS | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Range from Interface | Wireless range up to 30m | Cable lengths available: 500mm, 1000mm, 1500mm (custom lengths available on request) |
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| Available Sizes | Click to view
Wireless Twin-Axis GoniometersIn general, there are no fixed rules governing which size of sensor is most suitable for a particular joint; this depends on the size of the subject. The sensor must be capable of reaching across the joint so that the two end blocks can be mounted where least movement occurs between the skin and underlying skeletal structure. In certain circumstances more than one size of sensor will be appropriate. The following table is given for guidance only and refers to an adult population. Size used will vary within paediatrics. 
(measurements in mm) |
Click to view
Wired Twin-Axis GoniometersIn general, there are no fixed rules governing which size of sensor is most suitable for a particular joint; this depends on the size of the subject. The sensor must be capable of reaching across the joint so that the two end blocks can be mounted where least movement occurs between the skin and underlying skeletal structure. In certain circumstances more than one size of sensor will be appropriate. The following table is given for guidance only and refers to an adult population. Size used will vary within pediatrics. 
(measurements in mm) |
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| Compatible Interfaces | DataLITE PIONEER, ADVANCE, EXPLORE | DataLOG, DataLINK, Amplifier or 3rd party | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goniometric data includes: Angular displacements, velocities and accelerations; min, max, mean, repititions, number of events over or under a set threshold, percentage time spent in and out of set limits, time to min/max etc.
1Life test results have been collected by cycling the sensors through movements that would happen during everyday use. For example, placing a sensor on an adult elbow and moving from the neutral position to maximum flexion and back to the neutral position, the unit will function for typically 600,000 cycles.
Twin-Axis Ankle Goniometer
Designed specifically for measurement of ankle motion in two planes. Attaching to the lateral aspect of the ankle, the SG110/A simultaneously measures ankle dorsiflexion/plantarflexion and inversion/eversion. This lateral placement of the goniometer has been the preferred choice of customers for many years. The standard SG110 is also available for customers desiring posterior placement on the ankle.
Compatible Interfaces: DataLOG, DataLINK, Amplifier or 3rd party
Wired Twin-Axis Ankle Goniometer
| Joint | Output | No. of Channels | A Max | A Min | B | C | D | E | F | G | Weight (g) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SG110/A | Ankle | Dorsiflexion/plantarflexion, inversion/eversion | 2 | 110 | 70 | 60 | 18 | 19 | 51 | 5.70 | 8.70 | 20 |
(measurements in mm)
Single-Axis Goniometer
Biometrics' Single-Axis Goniometer measures angles in one plane only. This smallest goniometer is designed to measure flexion/extension of finger joints and is available as a wireless (F35W) or wired (F35) sensor.
Compatible Interfaces: DataLITE, DataLOG, DataLINK, Amplifier or 3rd party
Wireless Single-Axis Goniometer
| Joint | Output | No. of Channels | A | B | C | D Min | D Max | E | F | G | H | I | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F35W | Finger (DIP, PIP, MCP) | Flexion/extension | 1 | 9 | 6 | 18 | 30 | 35 | 15 | 300 (mm) | 56 | 12 | 22 |
(measurements in mm)
Wired Single-Axis Goniometer
| Joint | Output | No. of Channels | A | B | C | D Min | D Max | E | F | G | H | I | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F35 | Finger (DIP, PIP, MCP) | Flexion/extension | 1 | 9 | 6 | 18 | 30 | 35 | 15 | 340 (mm) | 40 | 10 | 10 |
(measurements in mm)
Goniometer sensors and systems are used extensively in the fields of ergonomics, sports science and medical research where measurements are commonly taken for a wide range of applications such as:
Goniometer Systems
Technologically advanced yet cost effective range of Goniometer data capture systems offering full portability and real-time display and analysis options
Goniometer Citations
Here are a few of our favourite studies using Biometrics Ltd Goniometer sensors
The Effect of Shin-Torso Alignment on Muscle Activity and Joint Angles of the Lower Extremity in Collegiate Ice Hockey Players
Pring, Noah A. et al.
International Journal of Exercise Science: Vol. 14: Iss. 1, Pages 552 - 562
Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling of Different Duration on Viscoelastic and Electromyographic Properties of the Knee in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury.
Casabona A, Valle MS, Dominante C, Laudani L, Onesta MP, Cioni M.
Effect of structural turnout suit fit on female versus male firefighter range of motion.
McQuerry M.